Pragmatic development in deaf and hard of hearing children: A review

Despite the advances in technology and sign language awareness, many Deaf Hard of Hearing (DHH) children have delays as a consequence difficulty accessing model. These are often particularly pronounced domain pragmatics, where user takes into account people they communicating with their shared access to current context. This review considers effect childhood deafness can on pragmatic development, reviewing studies pre-linguistic stage, early linguistic communication more advanced pragmatics measured both by general checklists specific assessments information structure inference, deception non-literal (including sarcasm), conversation. Where present, consistently explained cumulative effects fluent natural model, which affects acquisition forms social cognitive skills needed use them interaction. Implications for educators briefly considered.